Wednesday, May 22, 2013

LI SHANGYIN

From Wikipedia.
Language: 文言

李商隱

李商隱,字義山,懷州河內人,元和八年生。或言英國公世勣之裔孫,令狐楚帥河陽,奇其文,使與諸子游楚,徙天平宣武。皆表署巡官。

開成二年,擢進士第,調弘農尉,又試拔萃,中選,王茂元鎮河陽,愛其才,表掌書記,以子妻之,得侍御史。茂元善李德裕,而牛李黨人嗤謫,商隱以為詭薄無行,共排笮之,茂元死,來游京師,久不調,柳仲郢節度劍南、東川,辟判官檢校工部員外郎府,罷,客滎陽,大中十二年卒,年四十六。

商隱初為文,瑰邁奇古,及在令狐楚府,楚本工章奏,因授其學。商隱儷偶長短,而繁縟過之。時溫庭筠、段成式俱用是相夸,號三十六體。


李商隱 Lei seungyan.
ji: letter, character, word; courtesy name.
義山 yi saan: Li Shangyiin.
懷州 waai jau: Weizhou.
河內 ho nei: Henei, nowadays Qinyang (沁陽) in Henan (河南).
yan.
yuen.
wo.
baat.
nin.
saang

waak.
yan.
英國 ying gwok.
公世 gong sai.
jik: merits, accomplishments.
ji.
裔孫 yeui suen: progeny and grand-descendents.
ling: command, order, allow. Magistrate.
wu: fox.
cho: ancient feudal state; distinct, clear, concise; bracken and shrub.
seoi: handsome, graceful; commander.
河陽 ho yeung.
gei: strange, odd.
kei: his, hers, theirs, its. That.
man: writing, literature.
使 sai: make, cause, enable; employ or use; envoy, legate.
yu: and with; to, for; same as as 歟 (particle of dubiousness).
諸子 chyu ji: the sages.
yau: to swim.
cho.
saai: move one's location, migrate.
天平 tin ping.
suen: publicly announce, declare.
mo: martial.

gaai: all, each, every.
biu: show, manifest, display.
chyu: public office.
cheun: circuit, ronda.
gun: office.


hoi: open up, start, begin.
sing, seng: succeed, complete.
yi.
nin.
jaak, jok: select.
進士 jeun si: highest civil service exam graduate.
jeun: advance, progress, enter.
dai.
調 diu: investigate, inquire into; argument, transfer; harmonize, reconcile.
hong: enlarge, liberal, extensive; grand.
nung: agriculture.
wai, wat: officer; military rank.
yau: once again, also.
si: examine, test; try.
拔萃 bat seui: to stand out; high level exam.
bat: uproot, pull out.
seui: densely, thick; collect together.
中選 jung suen: get position by passing exam; win election.
suen, syun: choose, select.
wong.
mau: luxuriant, lush; talented.
yuen: primary.
jan: village, market town.
河陽 ho yeung.
oi: love, be fond of.
gei.
choi: talent, ability.
biu: show, express, display.
jueng: palm of hand; to hold, to wield.
書記 syu gei: secretary, clerk. 以 yi: thereby, therefore, according to, in accord with.
ji.
chai: wife; to marry off a daughter.
ji.
dak: get, obtain; gain, catch; allow; permitted; grammatical particle.
si: serve, attend upon; attend to.
御史 yü si: imperial censor.
yü, ngaa: drive, ride; chariot; manage.
si: history; chronicles, annals. 。
mau.
yuen.
sin: good, virtuous; benevolent, kind.
lei.
tak: ethics, morality, virtue.
: abundant, plentiful.
yi: and then, and yet, as well; because of.
ngau.
lei.
黨人 dong yan: party member, partisan.
chi: scoff at, sneer, laugh at, ricule.
jaak: censure, blame; disgrace, demote; punish. Send into internal exile at a distant posting in punishment.
商隱 seung yan.
yi.
wai: do, handle, manage, act; act for, act towards.
gwai: deceit, crafty, sly; defraud.
bok: thin, cold, weak; poor, stingy; indifferent.
mou: none, not any; without,
haang; row, series; enterprise, activity engaged upon; walk, traverse, behaviour, conduct; capable of, competent.
gung: shared, in common, together with, altogether.
paai: orderly, arranged, lined up; eliminate, drain; row, rank.
jaak: slat supporting roof tiles.
ji.
茂元死 mau yuen si.
loi.
yau: roam, drift about, wander; swim.
京師 ging-si: national capital city (lit).
ging.
si.
gau: in a long time, long ago, after some time.
bat.
調 diu: transferred.
lau: willow trees.
jung.
ying, ching: Ying, the ancient capital of 楚.
jit: knot, node, section; festival.
dok, dou: degree, system; methodology, manner; spend time, mark distance.
gim: sword.
naam: south.
tung.
chuen.
bik, pik: law, rule; develop; enlist, repell; monarch.
判官 pun gun: magistrate, jurist.
pun: judge, gauge; discriminate, determine.
檢校 gim gaau: verify, proof-read; redact.
gim: examine.
gaau: school; field officer.
工部 gung bou: transport & irrigation ministry.
bou: part, section, division; office.
yun, yuen; wan: personnel, member of staff.
ngoi: outside.
員外 yuen-ngoi: landlord (arch.).
lang: young gentleman, husband; a gallant; official.
fu: prefecture, prefectoral; official locus or residence; governmental.
baa: cease, stop, finish.
haak: traveller, guest, customer, pilgrim.
滎陽 ying yueng: Xingyang in Henan.
大中十二年 daai jung sap yi nin.
chuet, juet: soldier, servant; end, finally, at last; die.
年四十六 nin sei sap luk.



商隱 Seung yan.
cho: beginning, at first.
wai.
man.
gwai: fabulous, extraordinairy.
maai: stride, step; outpace.
gei: weird, odd.
gu: ancient, classical.
gap: extend, reach, up to.
choi.
ling: command, order; magistrate; allow.
wu: fox.
cho.
fu: seat of government.
cho.
pun.
gung: work, labour, effort.
jueng: chapter, section; composition; clause; regulation, governmental order.
jau: present a memorial to the emperor.
yan: cause, reason for, due to.
sau: teach, instruct; give, transmit, confer.
gei.
hok.

商隱 seung yan.
lai: husband and wife, married couple.
ngau: accidentally, coincidentally; image; match, mate.
長短 cheung dyun: duration; long and short, right and wrong, good and bad.
dyun (duen): short, brief; deficient, lacking.
yi.
繁縟 faan yuk: manifold, elaborate.
faan: complex, difficult; complicated.
yuk: decorative and elegant.
gwo: pass, go through, go across; time marker (completed action).
ji.

si.
wan: lukewarm, tepid; warm.
ting: courtyard, lawcourt; large hall.
wan, gwan: bamboo skin. 段 dyun (duen): section, piece, division; period of time, length of tale or string, surname.
sing: complete.
sik: style, pattern, form, system.
geui: entirely, altogether.
yung.
si.
seung: mutual, each other.
kwaa: luxuriant, gorgeous.
hou: mark, sign, symbol, numeral.
三十六 saam sap luk.
tai: body, format; style, system; group, class.




APPENDICES


文言者,古中國書其言以述志表情者也。

先民言語傳乎口耳,至結繩以記,事日贅,是結繩之不足,求諸繪圖,繪圖猶逾,而創字製文,金石竹帛載之,自劉漢而書諸紙。唐宋降,文士崇古非今,尚先秦古文,規法矩繩,典模乃定。由是,口述耳聞者雖變於百歲千載,手書目觀者猶通,前後貫延三代。唯文言非創於一舉而得,所式所尊,莫衷一是,時比燕越。

文言 man yin: classical Chinese.
je: that which, whichever that, who.
gu: old, ancient.
中國 jung gwok.
syu: book, writing, epistle; style of writing.
gei.
yin: word, speech, say.
yi:
seut: narrate, state; to relate, to speak of, to tell.
ji: apsiration, ambition, purpose.
表情 biu ching: express feeling, facial expression.
je.
ya: final particle of affirmation or inclusionality.


sin.
man.
言語 yin yü: spoken language.
chuen, chyun: propoagate, transmit.
fu, wu: (particle like 於 or 于) in, at, from; final particle similar expressing doubt or astonishment.
hau: mouth, entrance; vocal.
yi: only, merely; ear, handle.
ji: reach, arrive, the extreme.
git: knot, join, connect; bear fruit, result.
sing: rope, cord; measure, restrain.
yi.
gei: record, remember.
si: affairs, business; matters, events.
yat: day, date; sun.
jeui: unnecessary, superfluous, redundant: son-in-law living with his wife's parent.
si.
git.
sing.
ji.
不足 pat jeui: insufficient, deficient, inadequate; unworthy.
juk, jeui: foot; attained, enough.
kau: beseech, request.
jyu: several, various.
繪圖 kui tou: draw, to diagram or chart.
kui: sraw, sketch, paint.
tou: map, chart, picture.
繪圖 kui tou.
yau: like, similar, just like, as.
yiu (yü): go over, exceed.
yi.
chong: establish, create; cut, injure, knife stroke.
ji.
jai: make, manufacture, produce.
man.
金石 kam sek: hard objects upon which can be inscribed. Metal and stone.
竹帛 juk baak: soft surfaces upon which can be limned. Bamboo and silk.
joi: a year in record; carry, transport, convey.
ji.
ji.
lau: destroy, slaughter.
hon.
yi.
syu.
chyu: all, various/
ji: paper.


唐宋 tong sung: The tang and Sung era, 618 - 1279.
gong, hong: drop, fall, descend.
文士 man si: literati, the scholars.
sung: esteem, honour, revere, venerate.
gu.
fei: not, in opposition to, unlike.
kam.
seung: still, yet, fairly, rather.
先秦 sin cheun: pre-Qin; Chinese history before the Qin Dynasty.
古文 gu man: old language; classic literature.
kwai: rule, law, statute.
faat: laws, regualtions.
geui: carpenter's square; drafting scale, rule.
sing.
din: canon, documentation, scripture; reference.
mou: pattern, example; to imitate.
naai: then, really, indeed; namely.
ding: set, fixed, settled, decided. 。
yau: for this reason.
si.
口述 hau seut: dictated, recounted orally.
suet: narrate, state, express.
耳聞 yi man: to hear about.
je.
seui: although, even if.
bin: change, transform.
yü; wu: in, at, on; oh woe, alack.
百歲千載 baak seui chin joi: one hundred years of age and a thousand years of recorded time; a very long time; forever.
sau: hand.
書目 syu muk: booklist, bibiliography.
gun: see, observe.
je.
yau: just like, similar to.
tung: pass through, communicate.
前後 chin hau: from beginning to end.
gun: pierce, pass through, be strung together; a string of cash.
yin: prolong, extend; delay.
三代 saam doi: third generation. 。
wai: yes, only, thus then.
文言 man yin: classical Chinese.
fei.
chong: wound, cut, injury.
: in, at, on.
一舉 yat geui: action, at one stroke, in one move.
geui: raise, lift up, move something. Recommend.
而得 yi tak.
so: place, locus; thus.
sik.
so.
jyun, jeun: respect, venerate, honour.
莫衷一是 mok chong yat si: still a matter of discussion, no decision yet possible.
mou, mok: not possible, cannot; is not.
chong: heart, heartfelt; fundamentally.
si.
bei, pei.
yin: the swallow (bird); enjoy; name of several ancient states throughout history.
yuet: exceed, go beyond; boundary; Viet, Yuet.



李商隱

李商隱(813年1-約858年),字義山,號玉谿生、樊南生。晚唐詩人。原籍河內懷州(今河南沁陽),祖輩遷滎陽(今河南鄭州)。詩作文學價值很高,他和杜牧合稱“小李杜”,與溫庭筠合稱為“溫李”,與同時期的段成式、溫庭筠風格相近,且都在家族里排行16,故并稱為三十六體。在《唐詩三百首》中,李商隱的詩作佔廿二首,數量位列第四。



NOTE: Li Shanyin, Wenyen.

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